Qualcomm qmi api example in linux. Aug 14, 2020 - Author: Sierra Wireless - Version S2. For decades, Linux logging has been managed by the syslogd daemon. If I try it seems NM tries to configure the connection, but never turn on the hardware needed. It adds an additional Proc file system (procfs) is a virtual file system created on the fly when the system boots and is dissolved at the time of system shutdown. And thus I was unable to restart My tomcat is running on port 8080. It is intended for use with vintage_net_qmi and most users will want One of those new protocols implemented to control mobile broadband modems is the Qualcomm MSM Interface (QMI) protocol developed by Qualcomm, which can be used in Linux kernel - Stack Overflow. In theory it is more transportable across different Qualcomm based modems, although QMI is proprietary to Qualcomm. --enable-gtk-doc: Use this parameter if GTK-Doc is installed and you wish to rebuild and install the API documentation. In the kernel, we have config files for different architectures. Shebang tells the shell to execute it via bash shell. 5 . In the last 18 months, Linaro, in collaboration with multiple OEM modem manufacturers and with Qualcomm, has worked on upstreaming PCIe-based Qualcomm 4G/5G modems support in Linux. zip /tmp/. qmi_wwan_q is the driver developed by Quectel based on qmi_wwan. 1 is available for download for free from developer. remote_spinlock¶ You probably know the regular spinlocks inside the linux kernel: They protect you from multiple processors entering the same critical section of code in the Linux QMI SDK Application Developer Guide Oct 07, 2020 - Author: Sierra Wireless - Version 2. These two drivers take Tuesday, June 1, 2021. sudo dmidecode --type processor. zip {. These APIs can be used in conjunction with the auto-generated files from the QMI . It is used by the host processors to control and communicate with modem devices over high speed peripheral buses or shared memory. Implement your API on the DSP, link it and the skel library A Product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. , a wholly-owned subsidiary of Qualcomm Incorporated, operates, along with its subsidiaries, substantially all of Qualcomm's engineering, research and development functions, and substantially all of QMI offers various different services (e. To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module will be called qmi_wwan. It can be executed by invoking the Bash interpreter. Now that you understand what a REST API is, let’s look at some examples: A variety of REST API examples in the public Postman Collection Amazon S3. C-V2X defines two Complimentary Transmission Modes: Direct safety communication independent of cellular network. FastCV 1. Comes with SIM8200EA-M2 core module, based on Qualcomm snapdragon X55 platform, with multi mode multi band support. The module is built in an IPC, so I have no choice but using this module. Below is an example of the shebang statement. The ls command lists files and directories within the file system, and shows detailed information about them. Navigate to the Quectel files that were installed in the previous step. I have followed following steps: Hi ! I’m new to eSIM and for a personal project, I want to reproduce the behaviour of sharing a mobile subscription between a smartphone and a smartwatch ( as Apple Watch and its paired Iphone do). The zip command takes the following syntax form: zip OPTIONS ARCHIVE_NAME FILES. RTOS source code is proprietary while Linux kernel (APPS) is open source (GPL) We will only discuss Linux kernel as RTOS is out of scope. Writing new plugins is highly encouraged! The plugin API is open for changes, so if you're writing a plugin and need to add or change some public method, feel free to suggest it! License. The userspace end of the control channel pipe is a /dev/cdc-wdmX character device. 2-rc6. 0. 2. com) to configure the PLS83-W module to operate in QMI/RMNET. IPC (Inter Process Communications) 103: 104: Qualcomm implements a socket-based inter process The Q ualcomm M SM I nterface is a proprietary interface for interacting with Qualcomm baseband processors and is a replacement for the legacy cellular extensions of the Hayes command set. x or 2. Even though MHI can be easily adapted to any peripheral buses, it is primarily used with PCIe based devices. sh from tomcat /bin directory. Snapdragon LLVM Compiler Toolchain is now available for the following: Android NDK. Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. Linux version 3. I might have broken 1 Looking at the documentation for this command I cringe over how fundamentally broken and incorrect the syntax for this command is because string parameters shall always be enclosed with double quote characters, which for zero good reasons is not the case here. 18, 4. This module lets you send and receive messages from a QMI-enabled cellular modem. The user running the command must have read permissions on the source location and write permissions on the destination. May also apply to other Qualcomm Linux based systems such as Android smartphones. Example-2: Show memory and cpu details of each process. connecting to the Internet. Introduction. A vital prerequisite for using telnet is to have it installed on both the local and remote machine, and that the default port 23 is allowed through the firewall on the remote machine. This driver can be used to register onto any physical network device in IP mode. Discussions take place on API reference. In the context of multi-processor Qualcomm chipsets, such as the MDM9615/9x07 used in cellular modems / data cards, or also in the case of Android smartphones, QMI ports are exposed to the Linux Choose Android->Android Project from the Wizard selection. It can be somewhat challenging to get started if you’re a beginner. This will ensure that if the file's contents are valid, it will be executed without any problems. We are efficiently scaling the technologies that launched the mobile revolution to the next generation of connected smart devices. --disable-mbim-qmux: This switch disables support for using a MBIM control device for QMI messages. libqmi is a glib-based library for talking to WWAN modems and devices which speak the Qualcomm MSM Interface (QMI) protocol. libqmi is userspace MHI client which communicates to a Clone libqmi repository. Before going into the application of the ln command in detail, please refer the below link for a clear understanding of the hard link and soft link in Linux. However, This document describes using the Qualcomm MSM (Mobile Station Modems) Interface (QMI) protocol to interface a Skywire® 4G modem over USB to the Linux operating system and Shell. 4 and above support qmi_wwan; Linux version 3. conf. A typical Bash script starts with a shebang (#!/bin/bash), which indicates the directory or path to the Bash interpreter. The driver creates a two-way pipe to the MBIM function control channel using the cdc-wdm driver as a subdriver. Using tee in conjunction with sudo allows you to write to Download Qualcomm IMEI Repair Tool For All Qualcomm Phones. The first and the simplest example is to move a file. The -s option is important here. This is used on many msm8916 based devices for location service which requests 2 MB region when the Command Explanations --disable-static: This switch prevents installation of static versions of the libraries. 0 license. Most of the documentation pages are automatically generated from the database of messages that the project maintains, and therefore it won’t give information about the purpose of the operations, or the exact format of Core Version and feature checks — Version information in the API. 143. The at command can be used to execute any program or mail at any time in the future. QCSI is used together with the code generated FastCV 1. HELP OPTIONS-h, --help Show summary of options by group. To change the ownership of a file, use the command in this fashion: sudo chown user_name file_name. Libqmi is a more direct way to control service-specific API to the client. Make sure to have usbmon support enabled. For For general information on QMI see QMI. After that, use the service modules to send it messages. 9. Thanks to the built-in plugin architecture, ModemManager talks to very different kinds of To compile the kernel, we first need to set up the configuration (“config”) file. Introduction ¶. txt. Download the eBook. sudo apt-get install libqmi-utils udhcpc. With the protocol in place, the interface to the modem looks more like an Plus, the contextually aware Qualcomm® Sensing Hub recognizes your routines to intuitively open apps at the precise moment you need them. DATA1 - AT command port for accessing AT commands. Qualcomm Mobile Access Point. The syntax for the telnet command is:. Low latency Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V), Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I), and Vehicle-to-Person (V2P) operating in ITS bands (e. The simplest way to set a variable using the command line is to type its name followed by a value: [VARIABLE_NAME]=[variable_value] 1. Ensure the wwan0 network interface is ready. It acts as a standard RIL (Radio Interface Layer) and may be used by different connection managers, like NetworkManager. 18 and above support cdc_mbim; Linux lsong: I am running Lubuntu 20. Create a new user using useradd command. Debug the network execution on The API calls are translated in QMI request SDUs that are sent to the SDK process over a local IPC datagram socket. With mobile chipsets, libqmi is a glib-based library for talking to WWAN modems and devices which speak the Qualcomm MSM Interface (QMI) protocol. To install make on Debian, Ubuntu, and their derivatives, use the apt package manager like so: sudo apt install make. Each file is stored in a single . README. I installed libqmi on my Linux machine and I am able to setup data on interface wwan0 using qmicli. You can see the change in the picture below. The pipe is used to combine two or more commands, and in this, the output of one command acts as input to another command, and this command’s output may act as input to the next I’ve fumbled through getting this modem on, present in the system, and registered on a cell network. For instance, to create a new user named jane, you would run the following: sudo useradd jane. Overview; Activity; Roadmap; Issues; News; Wiki; Files; Wiki. In this example, we'll use the OpenWeatherMap API to fetch weather data for a specific 7 deliverables using the Gobi3000 Linux Package with a Qualcomm Gobi3000-based data card. The RPM (Red Hat Package Manager) command is a fundamental tool in the world of Linux package management. pcie_mhi and pcie_mhi_mbim use the same driver source codes. This is an especially important skill for aspiring system administrators to learn. After the shebang, one can define variables and functions, use conditionals and loops and I have a modem with QMI interface, it enumerates to /dev/cdc-wdm0 and network interface wwan0. Adapters and Antennas. It is a shame that Qualcomm doesn't disclose proper documentation for The PPP protocol is just used between the computer and the modem to make the connection look like a legacy dial-up modem-based network connection. Simply prepend sudo before the tee command as shown below: echo "newline" | sudo tee -a /etc/file. 55. firmware upgrades for select QMI-based modems. Project documentation is kept in: See more The QCCI layer wraps QMI into the respective transport. Our collection of software and hardware tools and resources is designed so you can build upon our foundational technologies in new and innovative ways, Wiki » Qualcomm Linux » . , processing is completed at a certain frequency or the system as a whole will fail). Cellular Modem Information » Qualcomm Linux Modems by Quectel & Co Pages related to qmicli. 20N2. Unpack the SDK’s . Powered by the long-term supported Linux 6. Documentation. andersson@xxxxxxxxxx>; Date: Tue, 7 Nov 2017 11:06:04 -0800; Cc: Andy Gross <andy. 0-3_amd64. As such, an [PATCH v2 5/5] samples: Introduce Qualcomm QMI sample client From: Bjorn Andersson Date: Tue Nov 07 2017 - 00:21:44 EST Next message: Bjorn Andersson: "[PATCH v2 2/5] soc: qcom: Introduce QMI helpers" Previous message: Bjorn Andersson: "[PATCH v2 1/5] soc: qcom: Introduce QMI encoder/decoder" In reply When working with Raspberry Pi in areas without traditional internet access, cellular connectivity becomes a lifeline. Get process name using the PID. Next I want to try and resend the data to the SOCKET and invoke a phantom call. The transports supported are: IPC router (linux kernel socket family) QMUXD (using qmi_qmux_ API, via unix domain sockets) UDP 2. Qualcomm Linux Modems by Quectel & Co. fw-upgrade. DATA2– Data serial port for accessing Internet, Audio, Calling and SMS, GPS. The person(s) implementing the AT+CUSBCFG command By default, the ln command creates hard links. The options used in this command have the following meaning: -t - Show TCP ports. How to Use telnet in Linux. In menuconfig, ModemManager is located under the Network section. Let’s see some of the useful examples of the mv command. sudo apt-get update. Wiki » Devices » Standalone modems » Quectel » EC20 » EC20 QMI¶ For general information on QMI Hi, I have been following this tutorial : PLS63/83 QMI/RMNET Setup and Linux qmi_wwan / ModemManager Integration | Thales IoT Developer Community (thalesgroup. 3 Conventions 9 Function declarations, 12 from the GobiConnectionMgmt API. modems. The syntax is different than most other commands. If a partition is created, the disk will store the information about the location and size of partitions in the partition table. 4 (QCSI) APIs. This allows software development to start without needing access to the actual Telematics HW. The legacy way is to emulate a legacy analog modem: in that case, the modem How to step by step set up a data connection over QMI interface using qmicli and in-kernel driver qmi_wwan in Linux? Solution. linux-mobile-broadband libqmi. “√” indicates supported and “-” indicates unsupported or NA. • Qualcomm® AI Engine offers 60% better AI performance per watt • Qualcomm® Hexagon™ NPU improves AI network performance • Brand new INT4 precision support in the Snapdragon 7-series enhances Qualcomm Google Lots of recent activity from individuals and hobbyists: PostmarketOS SoMainline Jonathan Marek. Background: Our MV3x 5G data cards have implemented the Qualcomm MSM (QMI) Interface. Now run the following command to connect to the Internet. Future releases will add support for more. To install make on Fedora and RHEL-based Linux distributions, use the dnf package manger like so: To create a symbolic link to target file from link name, you can use the ln command with -s option like this: ln -s target_file link_name. The chmod command uses a syntax of who, what, and which to In this tutorial, you will find the different examples to create a new user in the Linux system by using useradd command. + tristate "Build qrtr client sample -- loadable modules only". With output redirection, you can redirect the output to a file. qmapshack (1) - GPS mapping (GeoTiff and vector) and GPSr management qmgr (1) - pbs batch appstxt new. You can make it do so by using the pipe character ‘|’ . 1. QMI is a Qualcomm proprietary protocol, QCMAP. Example-1: Show only PID and command. This command ensures that ownership is changed from “master” to “root” only when the current owner is “master. 20 and v5. com> This series adds memshare QMI service. Currently, the following APIs of the SDK have been simulated. The default sort command makes it easy to view information in alphabetical order. You might want to check out the current QMI code in oFono, libqmi and the CodeAurora Gobi project and see if there is some STK example code there. These tools are the best tool for LYF, Jio Features phones, etc. * option: AT commands on /dev/ttyUSBx * cdc-wdm: Qualcomm MSM Interface (QMI) protocol on /dev/cdc-wdmx A modem manager with support for QMI is recommended. Explore the Qualcomm AI Stack – a unified software stack that helps developers optimize and deploy AI Download the eBook. Step-By-Step. send indication messages. Multiple vendor-specific QMI interfaces are Simulation allows one to do develop and run clients using the SDK's APIs on a Linux based hardware (including a Linux desktop). I want to establish a connection via LTE over a SIM7600-H 4G module. -n - Show numerical addresses instead of resolving hosts. This cheat sheet covers all the basic and advanced commands, including file and directory commands, file permission commands, file compression and archiving, process management, system information, networking, and more with proper examples and descriptions. It only requires the name of a user. Let's see the examples. ln command in Linux with Examples. Is it possible to read the EF-DIR file (part of a USIM file system) using a Linux QMI SDK API?. Get process ID of a process. /quectel-CM -s <APN_NAME>. grep -h command hides the file name in the output. Script runs with python 3. The user can generate an executable binary of the trained model using QAic Compute compiler and run inference on the Qualcomm Cloud AI 100. QMI (Qualcomm MSM Interface) This is the general term for all related messaging between processors and their software stacks on Qualcomm This document describes using the Qualcomm MSM (Mobile Station Modems) Interface (QMI) protocol to interface a Skywire™ 4G modem over USB to the Linux operating system and access the 4G network as an IP interface. tr@gmail. Add You can guess that chgrp stands for change group. Disk Partitioning is the process of dividing a disk into one or more logical areas, often known as partitions, on which the user can work separately. 13 3. Attach the USB cable of the HAT. • Qualcomm® AI Engine offers 60% better AI performance per watt • Qualcomm® Hexagon™ NPU improves AI network performance • Brand new INT4 precision support in the Snapdragon 7 Subject: Re: [PATCH v2 5/5] samples: Introduce Qualcomm QMI sample client; From: Bjorn Andersson <bjorn. What have we done? MSM8974 (Snapdragon 800) Progress since SAN19: Interconnect provider OCMEM Krait CPUfreq Lots of DT updates Boards: Fairphone 2 LGE Nexus 5 (Hammerhead) Samsung Galaxy S5 Sony Xperia Z1 Sony Snapdragon® Telematics Application Framework (TelAF) Interface Specification Documentation. + Build an qrtr client sample driver, which demonstrates how to. 4 install pathlib using pip install pathlib. 9 GHz) Network communications for complementary services. In contrast to QMI, MBIM is more standardized protocol for such modems. Sort in alphabetical order. Cellular Modem Information » Qualcomm Linux Modems by Quectel & Co. Each function (class) is Plus, the contextually aware Qualcomm® Sensing Hub recognizes your routines to intuitively open apps at the precise moment you need them. It utilizes a graphical user interface to display data transmitted to and from the subscriber station. Eclipse "New Android Project" panel. Change or set the user ownership of a file. tee will receive the output of the echo command , elevate to sudo permissions and write to the file. JFTWIT July 5, 2021, 12:51pm 1. But the tree command can do more than just listing files in Linux. The ln command is used to create links between files. |. Restricted Distribution: Not to be distributed to anyone who is not an employee of either Qualcomm or its subsidiaries without the express approval of Qualcomm’s Configuration Management. md When purchasing the Dell, I would recommend you get a production model. The crontab is used to automate all types of tasks on Linux systems. Qualcomm Developer Network (QDN) is a comprehensive program designed to equip the next generation of mobile pioneers to develop what’s next. Auto generate your header, and the stub and skel libraries. Display the default access control list with getfacl command. + help. You only need to follow one of them. Multiple vendor-specific QMI interfaces are PCIe devices are integrated in the upstream Linux kernel using the WWAN subsystem introduced in kernel 5. Explore the Qualcomm AI Stack – a unified software stack that helps developers optimize and deploy AI This document explains the Qualcomm Messaging Interface (QMI) Common Service Interface . Asked. It receives messages from other subsystems (like modem subsystem) and answers with a message that contains the memory address of the allocated region. But found that the server was not closed properly. Sierra Wireless Forum How to update the RC7620 firmware with "qmi-update-firmware" IoT Modules. So let's step through a Understanding Crontab in Linux With Examples. I do have a RJ45 dongle that works, so I can download what is necessary. 2” and username is “Jayesh”. SIM card slot, supports 1. Linux file permissions can be set on a user-by-user basis, or applied to every member of a group. 4. Most of the documentation pages are automatically generated from the database of messages that the project maintains, and therefore it won’t give information about the purpose of the operations, or the exact format of Build an example of how to dynamically add the hello. WDS, the wireless data service) which are exposed via the QMI protocol stack on one or many QMI ports. It is widely used in Red Hat-based distributions like Fedora and CentOS, as well as other RPM-based distributions. + depends on m. Insert the Jio 4g SIM card in the SIM slot of the modem. Which you can repair null IMEI easily. 29; USB drivers Linux QMI Software S2. There are many popular libraries that make creation of these servers a breeze, like ExpressJS for NodeJS and Django for Python. The default wait time in traceroute is 3 seconds meaning it will wait for 5 seconds before jumping to the next one. RM520N-GL 5G HAT is a 5G HAT designed for Raspberry Pi, you can plug it into Raspberry Pi 4B/3B+/3B, or CM4 boards. Software update This is the place where we gather information about the Quectel EC20, EC21 and EC25 modules, as well as other Qualcomm based cellular modems with built-in Linux processor. dmidecode is another command to retrieve various kind of hardware information of your Linux system. 8 1. Generate the dissector with: generate_lua. 1 license. The SNPE and Platform Validator Java APIs are made available as an Android Archive (AAR) file which application developers include as a dependency of their applications. I am having problems getting the Network Manager in Ubuntu 22. Location. The Qualcomm Neural Processing SDK provides tools for model Finally a sample driver provides an implementation of the "test" protocol, which is a service typically implemented by Qualcomm remoteproc firmware. However, note that the package comes with a metal case, which is only suitable for Raspberry Pi 4B board. Download and install the Hexagon SDK. Toggle navigation Linux In addition to the standard AT serial ports, Qualcomm-based QCDM and QMI ports are also supported. 13 release, using a Qualcomm PCIe modem just got a lot easier. Now you would type a ‘+’ to say that you are “adding” permission. zip. It is a part of the GNU core utilities package which is installed on all Linux distributions. The name of a new user must be unique from other users in the boot. Please follow the appropriate tutorial that suits your case scenario. Several issues here: The modem wasn't properly detected as a QMI modem by ModemManager (see that there is no cdc-wdm port listed in the Ports section output of mmcli). Second, showing which tags are available in the target port: $ sudo udevadm info -p /sys/class/tty/ttyUSB0. The types of ports that are expected on this type of It looks as though there is no API exposed to do this. 22. Reactions:jrsruand Traace. Libqmi is a more direct way Problems with the downstream code. Now I have no clue how to get wwan0 an IP. Zip files do not support Linux-style ownership Qualcomm is enabling a world where everyone and everything can be intelligently connected. Key Takeaways. libqm-glib support for qmuxd¶ This is ongoing work to integrate a qmuxd back-end into libqmi-glib. x use for Qualicomm modems special native mode QMI (Qualcomm MSM Interface), where all configuration done over driver API (or maybe over IP) Example 5: Create a bootable USB. This tool is for all Qualcomm phones with a diag port enabled. The libqmi-glib API reference provides a detailed list of operations that may be performed with QMI devices. ko kmod-usb-net-qmi-wwan - qmi_wwan. ModemManager is a system daemon and is not meant to be Qualcomm Incorporated includes Qualcomm's licensing business, QTL, and the vast majority of its patent portfolio. Linux QMI Driver. x. It contains model development tools, a sophisticated parallelizing graph compiler, performance and integration tools, and code samples. If you don’t use it, it will create a hard link. sh” extension. QmiMessage — Generic QMI message handling routines QmiMessageContext — the QMI message context QmiDevice — Generic QMI device handling routines QmiClient — Generic QMI client handling routines QmiProxy — QMI proxy handling routines Common Laptop is DELL XPS 17, this does not appear to be the Atheros controller frequently mentioned on this site. This course covers the ins and outs of QXDM, managing Qualcomm-based devices using QUTS and PCAT, and much more. You may also use UID (user ID) instead of the user name. 90. I tried to close the tomcat using . Sorted by: 9. pdf in the /home/linuxize directory, you would use the following command: find REST API examples. Mailing List. by using your system package manager like apt or The open source Linux kernel has the default support of QMI interface via qmi_wwan with the corrersponding API functions inside the library libqmi. 14, 4. I am quite new to this, so be patient with me. Zip is available in many operating systems like Unix, Linux, windows, etc. It connects with Android devices powered by Snapdragon® processors over USB. For those who are unaware of what qmap means, it is Qualcomm way of supporting multiple PDNs with a single rmnet device. I am running OpenWrt and trying to manipulate the On PCs with data cards, QMI is exposed through USB. According to ETSI TS 102 221, EF-DIR is a mandatory file, so it The example works. It executes commands at a particular time and accepts times of the form HH:MM Qualcomm Linux Modems by Quectel & Co. To initiate, launch the Ubuntu Terminal. If I do a. 27 Core Update 173 as the first update to this open-source hardened Linux firewall distribution for routers and firewalls in 2023. TECHSHIP IS A GLOBAL SUPPLIER OF WIRELESS COMPONENTS . bash. e. Basic Rsync Usage. + select QCOM_QMI_HELPERS. Copy. Features The easiest method to run a Python script on any Linux distribution is by invoking the python command and provide it with the name of your Python script. Adjust the project name and click Finish. For example, let me save the output of the ls command to a file named output. gross@xxxxxxxxxx>, Ohad Ben-Cohen <ohad@xxxxxxxxxx>, Arun Kumar Neelakantam <aneela@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx>, The Qualcomm Neural Processing SDK is designed to help developers run one or more neural network models trained in TensorFlow, PyTorch, Keras and ONNX on Qualcomm® platforms, whether that is the CPU, GPU or Qualcomm® Hexagon™ Processor. We are using a RPi4 with the 22. With further changes due in the Linux 5. 23N2. Using sysfs, you can configure a USB device that has a large number of interfaces, each exposing one particular function. Quectel Connect Manager tool. To specify a user for an SSH connection, run the command in this format: ssh username@hostname_or_ip. Syslogd would collect the log messages that system processes and applications sent to the /dev/log pseudo device. Our collection of software and hardware tools and resources is designed so you can build upon our foundational technologies in new and innovative ways, creating the power to build Confidential and Proprietary – Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. USB3. USB drivers Linux QMI Software S2. 7 . txt static-ip. Syntax to use ssh to connect to a remote server: ssh jayesh@10. 42N2. The ModemManager and mmcli binaries are Set up the Qualcomm Neural Processing SDK. A compilation of Linux man pages for all commands in HTML. For Arch-based distros: sudo pacman -S tree. If mhi_mbim_enabled is set to 1, the module uses MBIM; and if mhi_mbim_enabled is set to 0, the module uses QMI. The connection should be established via On the other hand, an RTOS is designed to provide a predictable execution pattern, and is employed when it’s necessary to ensure that processing conforms to the time constraints of a time-bound system (i. List thread count for individual process. 2. sudo reboot. The devices require additional configuration to be usable. The Apps SDK is used to convert models and prepare runtime binaries for Cloud AI platforms. 1. Supervisor in the supervision tree of your choosing and pass it a name and interface. 04 LTS to correctly turn on the onboard Qualcomm Snapdragon X55 5G modem. 00) firmware that can be a royal pain to flash due to AT!BOOTHOLD not being implemented. The most basic use case of rsync is to copy a single file from one to another local location. " The second implementation runs only on Qualcomm Snapdragon chipsets So with regards advantages. Do you know that you can use the same cp command to copy a folder in Linux command line? Hah! You already tried that and perhaps got this error: cp: -r not specified; omitting directory 'test_dir' Let me show you a thing or two about copying directory in Linux. 2 QMI Interface 14 The QMI interface (/dev/qcqmi#) is exposed for QMI clients (IE: GobiConnectionMgmt API) to 15 attach to. g. +config SAMPLE_QRTR_CLIENT. /shutdown. PDF (685KB) Tags. #! /bin/bash. How do I set raw IP mode on an LTE modem via Linux's API? Ask Question. cd files/quectel-CM. ko uqmi Notes: There is no luci web-admin protocol support for QMI currently which means you cannot configure a QMI modem via the web-admin Example QMI modem configurations Beginner's Guide to Syslogs in Linux. sudo . If this output files doesn’t exist, the shell will create it. This customer guide summarizes how to acquire and use QXDM Professional through the following: Engagement model. enableRedistributableFirmware = true; which, enables the firmwareLinuxNonfree package, which in turn adds the firmware from the linux-firmware repo, which in turn To list all TCP or UDP ports that are being listened on, including the services using the ports and the socket status use the following command: sudo netstat -tunlp. QAic Runtime provides the infrastructure to run Machine Learning Workloads on Qualcomm Cloud AI 100/AIC100 accelerator. QMI h2. 1 port for testing AT commands, sending messages, cloud communication, making a phone call, getting GNSS positioning data, etc. lua. qmake (1) - distributed parallel make, scheduling by xxQS_NAMExx. The channel is fully delegated to the userspace management application. Bash script is a plain text files with the “. In the Linux kernel, QMI can be used through two mutually exclusive drivers: GobiNet and qmi_wwan. The framework is a set of Step 1) Update your Raspberry Pi and install software. Install the libqmi Linux library e. kernelModules = [ "bluetooth" "btqca" "btusb" "hci_qca" "hci_uart" ]; It should go without saying that I have: hardware. The IP datagrams are encapsulated in packets, whose stream is identified by a unique id to be The Android Linux kernel has an incredibly versatile USB gadget that is not present in mainline linux. On the IPC I have an The libqmi can be used to establish QMI interface for mini PCIe modules. This step allows the SDK to work with the TensorFlow, ONNX, and TensorFlow Lite frameworks via Python APIs. LLVM is a C/C++ compiler that is becoming increasingly popular. sar command to report CPU utilization for each N seconds. QLM IMEI REPAIR Tool_B19; CKT Qwrite_Writer; Qualcomm Driver ; How to Use: Download the tools given Hello, I would like to update the firmware of an RC7620 modem under embedded Linux with the command “qmi-update-firmware” and libqmi. Describe your job’s API in IDL (Interface Description Language). You signed out in another tab or window. Read on to learn more and to start learning today! Sierra-Linux-QMI-SDK. To create a new user account, invoke the useradd command followed by the name of the user. This is the most basic command to create a new user in the Linux system. Run a raw-ip supporting DHCP client to configure the network interface and routing/DNS. And if you want to change the defaults, you can append the number of seconds with the Examples of such devices are * Huawei E392/E398 This driver will only drive the ethernet part of the chips. Start page; Index by title; Index by date; Actions. This library lets you send and receive messages from a QMI-enabled cellular modem. For instance: ssh testuser@10. 04 on a laptop which comes with EM7511 cellular module. *** NOTE: This product is now EOL. main. How to Create a New User in Linux. Steps to Follow >. For developers, Qualcomm Technologies provides the Snapdragon® Telematics Application Framework (TelAF), a unified development environment including SIM management, peripheral device connections, and APIs for building cloud-connected apps and services. Revision 9 (laforge, 12/23/2016 10:54 AM) → Revision 10/15 (laforge, 12/25/2016 09:54 PM) {{>toc}} h1. In the following section, we will use the RM520N-GL module step by step from hardware connection, software setup, 5G IPFire project’s Peter Müller announced today the release and general availability of IPFire 2. Jobs created with at command are executed only once. chmod o+x. So, on specifying the ARCH=”arm64”, the build system will pick the appropriate architecture config file: $ make ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- defconfig. Resources. Linux Kernel Open Source Qualcomm. GPL-2. , “master”) to another (e. sending/receiving SMS. For example, to search for a file named document. Zip is used to compress files to reduce file size and is also used as a file package utility. ko driver module Example on how to establish a data connection with Simcom SIM8202x-M2 series in Linux using QMI Rmnet over USB interface. To create a symbolic link, use the -s ( --symbolic) option. It enables use of Set an Environment Variable in Linux. deb C Development libraries for writing messaging apps with Qpid Proton Finding files by name is probably the most common use of the find command. The QMI PDUs are sent to the device over the USB control channel via the GobiNet. chmod og= filename. recvfrom(int sockfd, void *buf, size_t len, int flags, struct sockaddr *src_addr, socklen_t *addrlen); This must be Qualcomm's QMI being used instead of regular old AT commands. The APIs of QMI WWAMN interfaces are defined by Qualcomm. --help-all Show all groups and options. Using. Most of the Linux kernel code base is based on older LTS versions: 3. telnet [options] [remote_server_address] [port] The [options] and [port] parameters are optional. dmidecode Command. 12-rc1, with significant bug-fixes in v4. -u - Show UDP ports. 13. qmi-network (1) - Simple network management of QMI devices qmake-ge (1) - distributed parallel make, scheduling by Grid Engine. To get rid of the legacy cruft, newer ways to present USB-connected LTE modems like QMI and MBIM have been developed. The Unix/Linux systems allow the stdout of a command to be connected to the stdin of another command. And this program complies with Qualcomm QMI WWAN interfaces specification. 6) Qualcomm MSM Interface in Elixir. com. You don’t need to parse a lot of AT strings which can easily change between firmware. Cellular Modem Information » Qualcomm Linux Modems by Quectel & Co zip is a command-line utility that helps you create Zip archives. With mobile chipsets, communication between the application processor and the baseband processor happens through SIM reject info: 'available'. Currently driver supports QMI channel. 3. In our example so far, if you want to change the user owner and group to root, you can use the chown QXDM Professional provides a diagnostic client for rapid prototyping of new clients and protocol packets. Now that we've covered the basics of making API calls in JavaScript, let's explore a couple of real-world examples to see how this knowledge can be applied in practice. getfacl command to list the ACLs of all files and directories recursively (sub-directories) 4. Installing. Bare metal images. To do 1. The structure allows multiple Service messages of the same QMI Service type to be “bundled” together in the same transaction and dispatched in the same QMUX SDU. qmi_wwan, cdc_mbim, ECM, RNDIS, and cdc_ncm are Linux built-in drivers. 10+ losetup command examples in Linux [Cheat Sheet] 16. Kernel modules. 04: Download the latest version of the SDK. 6 . Being this a custom system, you need to make sure that the kernel USB cdc-wdm driver is built and installed, otherwise you won't be able to use the QMI mode as there . With many top-tier companies offering these services, the use of REST APIs for artificial intelligence, data science, and machine learning Once the new file in the filesystem is created, validating whether the tags are correctly applied would involve two steps: First, reloading and applying the rules: $ sudo udevadm control –reload $ sudo udevadm trigger. Viewed 992 times. Once done, all you need to do is append the directory or directory path to the tree command and it will show file contents in a tree manner: tree target_directory. Hide filename of the matched pattern with grep command. By default that interface is set to 802-3 protocol, however it seems the correct protocol should be raw-ip. You can use dd to create a bootable USB and it’s just as easy as you might expect. Step 2) When you reboot your Pi, the SIM7600 module is OFF and needs to be turned ON before you can see the network. I want to kill the tomcat process running on 8080. 21. For robust communication, the QMI (Qualcomm MSM Interface) is often the go-to In the context of multi-processor Qualcomm chipsets, such as the MDM9615/9x07 used in cellular modems / data cards, or also in the case of Android smartphones, QMI ports are exposed to the Linux-running application CPU core inside the chip. List stopped processes. The APPS software becomes outdated quickly. You can check memory usage in Linux with it. Most of the 2 Answers. command to the kdb shell. You switched accounts on another tab or window. Delivery. 30; USB drivers Linux QMI Software S2. py. sudo qmicli -p -d /dev/cdc-wdm0 --device-open-net='net-raw-ip|net-no-qos-header' --wds-start-network="apn='YOUR_APN',username='YOUR_USERNAME',password='YOUR_PASSWORD',ip I want to establish a connection via LTE over a SIM7600-H 4G module. 4. to create qmi_dissector_gen. To compile the native part, we'll need to add C/C++ attributes to the project. --help Examples of the sort command. If both the FILE and LINK are given, ln will create a link from the file specified as the first argument ( FILE) to the file specified as the kmod-usb-serial-qualcomm - qcserial. getfacl command to display the file access control list. The connected car is a broad frontier of wireless possibilities, and the Qualcomm® Telematics SDK is your path for developing telematics 3. , 5. zip-filename} file with the extension . In addition to that we provide all the most used Linux Shortcut which A product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. 20. Method-2: Using pstree. Qualcomm also defines a QDU service that supports performing the whole device firmware upgrade operation There are more ways of using the tarecroute command in Linux. On the IPC I have an freshly installed Debian Bullseye without graphical UI. Configure wait time. grep command normally shows file names when there are matched patterns in multiple files. Set the QMI kernel driver to work in raw-ip mode. This is the first line of the script. No options are necessary and even with mixed-case entries, A-Z sorting works as expected. This tutorial walks through the process of integrating the SNPE and snpe-platform-validator Java APIs within an Android application. Releases (contained Settings View Source QMI (qmi v0. The qmi-network script tries to set that up for you, but it will most likely fail. I have 2 LGA DevKits with PLS83-W module implemented. QMI » History » Revision 10. Qualcomm defines a QMI service that allows running any kind of QMI operation over MBIM transparently. command > file. Shipping 1. The commit which added raw IP mode to qmi_wwan says (emphasis mine): The firmware setup is fully delegated to the QMI userspace management application, through simple tunneling of the QMI protocol. Commonly used/supported protocols for Internet connection are PPP, QMI and ECM. Apps SDK is supported on x86-64 Linux-based systems. Finally a sample driver provides an implementation of the "test" ZIP command in Linux with examples. Click Finish. 7 practical examples of the mv command. Data path transporting the network payload (IP), however, is routed to the Linux network via the mhi-net driver. This is used by a set of drivers in order to implement control signaling that needs to happen between a driver and a service on a remote processor, such as the synchronization of states during a remoteproc shutdown/restart; as seen in the sysmon implementation. Qualcomm Package Manager - Linux. enable = true; I also have: hardware. Multiple management interfaces with linux drivers are available: * option: AT commands on /dev/ttyUSBx * cdc-wdm: Qualcomm MSM Interface (QMI) ls is one of the basic commands that any Linux user should know. For example: If our IP address is “10. , ~/snpe-sdk ). I’ve followed the few guides on here and else where and dhclient or the likes just times out on discovery or just immediately exits and the interface still doesn’t have an IP. chmod o+x xyz. It als works. org: These are the original open source drivers, from 2010. 1 LTS kernel series, IPFire 2. 0 - 5947 Views Latest Linux QMI SDK Application Developer Guide Download. . conf: Permission denied. For python <3. IDL compiler to write a service that can receive and respond to messages from a client, as well as . AirPrime AR Series EM7305 EM7330 EM7355 EM7430 EM7455 MC7304 MC7330 MC7350 MC7354 Enhance your team’s technical skills and understanding of QXDM 5G Log Analysis with this half-day training course. 02. MF->EF-ICCID, MF->DF-GSM->IMSI) using the SLQSUIMReadTransparent() API, but this does not seem to work for accessing EF-DIR. On an Android device that supports FastRPC, these are the steps to get your job offloaded to the aDSP. qualcomm. Display I/O and transfer rate statistics using sar command. Reference manual for the libqmi-glib library. Linux WWAN ModemManager. This article will show you how to use the ls command This is required as there are no kernel APIs to access modem control path for device configuration. Changes since v2: - Fix reported typos - Checkpatch fixes - Use non-gpl EXPORT_SYMBOL Changes since v1: - Lot of modifications to QMI interface, from feedback and The libqmi-glib API reference provides a detailed list of operations that may be performed with QMI devices. zip file to an appropriate location (e. A LTE modem can be presented to the operating system in several ways. txt: abhishek@linuxhandbook:~$ ls > output. DESCRIPTION Usage: qmicli [OPTION?] - Control QMI devices Help Options:-h, --help Show help options--help-all Show all help options--help-dms Show Device Management Service options --help-nas Show Network Access Service options--help-wds Show Wireless Data Service options--help-pbm Example applications for writign messaging apps with Qpid Proton libqpid-proton11-dev_0. QMI message routing is done through the IPC Router, which is a message-oriented router used to support Qualcomm commo client interface (QCCI) and Qualcomm common service interface (QCSI). When executed without any option, useradd creates a new user account using the default settings specified in the For RHEL base: sudo yum install tree. The first implementation runs on ARM processor, and is referred to as the "FastCV for ARM. You probably need to include the kernel module for Hier sollte eine Beschreibung angezeigt werden, diese Seite lässt dies jedoch nicht zu. Now, tap the ENTER button. Then it would direct the messages to appropriate plain text log files in the /var/log/ directory. All Qualcomm-based MBIM modems support this. , a wholly-owned subsidiary of Qualcomm Incorporated, operates, along with its subsidiaries, substantially all of Qualcomm's engineering, research and development Application (Apps) SDK. Description. 08. The cdc_mbim driver does not process or police messages on the control channel. 1 is released as a unified binary, a single binary containing two implementations of the library. This way, one could run entirely open source prorgrams without any Connect the DATA1 and DATA2 port of the modem to the USB ports of Raspberry pi using a micro USB cable. chmod o+. This protocol is used by all recent chipsets using Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. The RPM command allows users to install, query, verify, and manage software packages, making it an QAic Runtime. The Linux chmod command is used to control file permissions, allowing you to specify who can access files, search directories, and run scripts. I was able to configure the mobile broadband and connected to Internet. 03 version. To create a Zip archive in a specific directory, the user needs to have write permissions on that directory. MHI provides logical channels over the It not have physical UART, but driver give to OS 5 serial interfaces in Linux . ZIP is a compression and file packaging utility for Unix. But Windows 8. One seems to work just fine (only A QMI Service transaction starts with the general Service transaction header followed by one or more Service messages of the same QMI Service type. In the context of multi-processor Qualcomm chipsets, such as the MDM9615/9x07 utilized the organic modems / data cards, oder also in the case of Android smartphones, QMI ports are exposed to the The output will look something like this: bash: /etc/file. libqmi* on EC25 offers the following IDL services: At the end of installation enter any key to reboot your Raspberry Pi. How to move a file to different directory. I have downloaded the SDK and placed the source files in the folder /package/qmi_wwan_q including a Makefile I created based on Snapdragon LLVM Compiler. Add your username in place of “Jayesh” and add your IP address MHI is a protocol developed by Qualcomm Innovation Center, Inc. You can also use it to get only the processor information. I am able to access ‘Transparent files’ (e. 8V / 3V SIM card. Shebang is simply an absolute path to the bash interpreter. Several cellular modules based on Qualcomm chipsets ModemManager daemon provides a unified high level API (DBUS) for communicating with mobile broadband modems, regardless of the protocol used to communicate with the actual Qualcomm MSM Interface in Elixir. I’ll explain the difference between soft links and hard links in a different Disk Partitioning in Linux. Note:- When you insert the SIM, the network led ( blue chmod o. Sierra Wireless recommends customers move to MBPL on supported modules. Bleeding edge ha Qualcomm Incorporated includes Qualcomm's licensing business, QTL, and the vast majority of its patent portfolio. History. The syntax is as below: python3 < script-name> . qmi_test¶ This is another example to simply read the IMEI of the modem using the DMS QMI service via the proprietary qualcomm QMI libraries. There is one extra step involved here. Physical transports include USB, HSIC, PCIe Syntax to use setfacl and getfacl command. All Projects. Let me show you some examples of sort command that you can use in various situations. rmnet driver is used for supporting the Multiplexing and aggregation Protocol (MAP). Snapdragon Profiler is profiling software that runs on the Windows, Mac, and Linux platforms. Implement your API on the DSP, link it and the skel library into a shared 7 deliverables using the Gobi3000 Linux Package with a Qualcomm Gobi3000-based data card. Snapdragon Profiler allows developers to analyze CPU, GPU, DSP, memory, power, thermal, and network data, so they can find and fix performance bottlenecks. You can use any commands that search in multiple files. For switching to the command mode in the text editor, hit QMI quotes variously different services (e. To find a file by its name, use the -name option followed by the name of the file you are searching for. RC76. Linux. The proc file system also provides a communication medium Example: Many requests can be rejected by the network and/or SIM – Test, bugfix, rinse, repeat – Including surprises from field testing – Utilizing network and SIM card simulators Alternative approach: We might have extended oFono's QMI driver – RIL API is on a slightly higher level of abstraction, increases portability, SSH uses the current user when accessing a remote server. QCCI is a set of APIs for clients to receive information from the server or send messages to the server. To make the change, do the following: Random notes about the Qualcomm Kernel as used on the MDM9615 and MDM9x07. Select 'Create project from existing source' and browse to the <DEVELOPMENT_ROOT>\fastcv-android-xx-yy-zz\ directory. ModemManager provides a unified high level API for communicating with mobile broadband modems, regardless of the protocol used to communicate with the actual device (Generic AT, vendor-specific AT, QCDM, QMI, MBIM). 64 - 24129 Views. The QAic Runtime provides necessary interfaces to allow the Real-World Examples of API Calls. Give read, write and execute permission to the file’s owner, read permissions to the file’s group and no permissions to all other users: chmod u=rwx,g=r,o= filename. It determines that the link is soft link. 8. LINUX References: The open source Linux kernel has the default support of QMI interface via qmi_wwan with the corrersponding API functions inside the library libqmi. 7. Most of the documentation pages are automatically generated from the database of messages that the project maintains, and therefore it won’t give information about the purpose of the operations, or the exact format of the retrieved fields. Qualcomm is enabling a world where everyone and everything can be intelligently connected. py <libqmi json directory path>. 5. Hello everyone, I have been trying to compile the qmi-wwan-q driver from Quectel since we are having some issues with the generic driver on a private 5G network. sar command to display memory utilization statistics. Thanks to the built-in plugin architecture, ModemManager talks to very quectel-cm. LGPL-2. ModemManager is a DBus-powered Linux daemon which provides a unified high level API for communicating with (mobile broadband) modems. Then you would type an ‘x’ to say that you are adding “execute” permission. If you type the command correctly, the shell does not provide any The make utility is already available in the first-party repositories of almost all Linux distributions. api file in the components of The libqmi-glib API reference provides a detailed list of operations that may be performed with QMI devices. To use it, start a QMI. There are multiple fully working plugins in the plugins/ directory that can be used as an example for writing new plugins. 100: 101: 102: h2. Customers are free to modify the source codes and at command is a command-line utility that is used to schedule a command to be executed at a particular time in the future. Conclusion. The Snapdragon Neural Processing Engine (SNPE) is a Qualcomm Snapdragon software accelerated runtime for the execution of deep neural networks. To change ownership from a specific user (e. I first want to have the list of processes running on a specific port (8080) in order to select which process to kill. Linux QMAP support in qmi_wwan was introduced in kernel v4. For the ease, we have prepared tutorials based on these user guides so that you can create an internet connection quickly. Others examples are code libraries like axios, superagent and got or some dedicated apps like Postman (or an online version, postwoman!), or a command line tool like cURL!. Once the dissector has been generated: LINUX. Rmnet Driver. 5G/4G/3G communication support. 22N2. It contains useful information about the processes that are currently running, it is regarded as a control and information center for the kernel. Finally, specify which file you are changing. Hard and Soft Links in Linux Syntax: ln [OPTION] [-T] TARGET LINK_NAME (1st form) ln In this example we access Ubuntu or Red hat Linux machine via the Windows command prompt using `ssh`. This recipe explains how to setup How can we acquire IMSI and ICCID using Libqmi's command line interface qmicli in Linux systems for Qualcomm QMI devices not supporting deprecated commands: "--dms-uim-get On an Android device that supports FastRPC, these are the steps to get your job offloaded to the aDSP. 27 Core Update 173 is here to introduce From: Nikita Travkin <nikitos. In fact, this is one of the most popular use of the dd command. Get USB adapter with SIM slot for Method-1: Using "ps axjf" or "ps -ef --forest". For that, I think i should insert or download the eUICC profile of my mobile subscription within the Qualcomm Linux Modems by Quectel & Co. Reload to refresh your session. chgrp <new_user_group> <filename>. Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN) is a form of wireless network that relies on For your information, QMI is a proprietary protocol by Qualcomm. Example 1: Fetching Weather Data. Close GENERAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR PURCHASE OF PRODUCTS AND SERVICES FROM TECHSHIP AB. Some complex architecture in which Qualcomm solves the seemingly simple problem of running an Access Point on a (Linux based) mobile phone? There's a separate QMI IDL service "MAP", it somehow relates to the IPA, and it is implemented - at least in parts - by a 1. 27; Original Driver Releases: The original "official" legacy source releases can be found from: codeaurora. The TelAF services provide rich-featured interface access to the system and the modem resources: The TelAF platform services supply the access to the system and the modem resources with more granularities: To include the . The SDK writes the QMI PDUs to a device file named /dev/qcqmix, where x is an integer, associated with the QMI interface. REST Service : the server. You signed in with another tab or window. , “root”), where the current owner must be “master,” use the following syntax: chown --from=master root greek1. Different examples to use setfacl and getfacl command. ”. eMBMS – QMI/QCRIL/Linux Data/Android™ Telephony 80-NG920-1 C Qualcomm® AI Stack is a comprehensive AI solution for OEMs and developers, supporting a wide range of intelligent devices with broader AI software access and compatibility. We use the mkfs command to build the filesystem to our USB before running ‘dd’. This subsystem also allows the kernel to explicitly define which control protocol is expected to be used in the port, so there is no need for custom port type hints in ModemManager. As jyijyi has said some information such as QoS information is only available through the QMI Shebang is a combination of bash # and bang ! followed the the bash shell path. Display CPU utilization statistics with sar command. 9 mins read. This program is totally open souce code, and public domain software for customers of Quectel company. Please help us to grow this resource for the benefit of the general public. --help-manager Show manager specific options. (dylanger) Senior Member. A few examples of functionality offered by ModemManager are: initialisation of the modem. A product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. Execute the network on the Snapdragon TM CPU, the Adreno TM GPU or the Hexagon TM DSP. This command needs sudo access as well. WDS, the wireless data service) which am exposed via the QMI protocol stack in one or many QMI ports. With SNPE, users can: Execute an arbitrarily deep neural network. Engineering Samples will sometimes contain an early (SWI9X30C_00. As an example, create a variable called EXAMPLE with a text value. Sign in Register. Note: If you encounter “Connection refused” error, please refer to our guide SSH “Connection Refused” for You probably already know that you can use cp command to copy files in Linux. Connect to the cellular network. Qualcomm Package Manager - Windows. sudo qmicli -d /dev/cdc-wdm0 --dms-set-operating-mode='online'. It seems that the Qualcomm docs refer to it as “Card Application Toolkit”, and the service is QMI_CAT; so the document is “QMI Card Application Toolkit Spec”, 80-VB816-11 P. The ln command syntax for creating symbolic links is as follows: ln -s [OPTIONS] FILE LINK. Here is an example: rsync -a /opt/filename. 6. Follow the steps below to set up the SDK on Ubuntu 20. bluetooth. Tool utility. Copy the next command in the command prompt: vi file2. qmicli - Control QMI devices. Thank you for your help See you soon JFT. Different examples to use sar command. The driver will therefore not know which mode has been "negotiated" The qmi-wwan kernel driver creates the wwan0 network interface for you when it detects the SIM7600 module connected to your Raspberry Pi. ⚫ EM121R The Qualcomm MSM Interface is a proprietary interface for interacting with Qualcomm baseband processors and is a replacement for the legacy cellular extensions of the Hayes command set. $> sudo qmicli -p -d /dev/wwan0mbim0 --device-open-auto --dms-foxconn-set-fcc-authentication=0. It is one step of disk formatting. kfgseqsvarsyapwlmmtm